R.E.M.’s career is one which is defined by change. It's not always helpful to think of the band in terms of the “IRS era” or the “Warner era” because more often than not each album is in direct opposition to the last. There is little cohesion between their first five records, or what comes after.
In one way Automatic for the People is a natural continuation of the increasingly maximalist sound of their previous three records. Perhaps the success of Losing My Religion led the group to focus their efforts on refining this bigger, more “full” sound. But in other ways it couldn’t be more different from Out of Time. You couldn’t imagine the relentlessly cheery Shiny Happy People, the joyful Near Wild Heaven, or the downright silly Radio Song on this record. Automatic is their darkest album, and the one that most openly emotes sadness.
Outside of this album my favourite R.E.M. songs tend to be the ones that equally balance optimism and pessimism, often blending downbeat verses with upbeat choruses. Before Automatic for the People it was unusual for them to push the darker elements of their sound further than that, and the rare songs where they did leave me feeling cold. On their eighth album they push this much further, and with magnificent style. Not only do they harness darkness in a new way but they manage to sustain this over the course of a whole album without tipping over into something unattractive or bleak.
Nightswimming is nostalgic and hopeful in its sadness, it brings a smile. Man on the Moon has a great momentum and despite it being a spooky, meditative number, somehow manages to slowly morph towards a rousing conclusion. This is only possible because of the band’s advanced understanding of songwriting - they’ve had a lot of practice. The one brief moment of unadulterated joy is The Sidewinder Sleeps Tonite which cuts through like a shard of light as a result.
The dynamic shifts on Out of Time were smaller than previous records; passages that could have been quiet were delivered with a booming stage whisper and a chorus pedal. That doesn’t change with Automatic, yet here it’s an asset. The songwriting has been optimised for this approach, dynamics resulting from changes in intensity and emotional impact, rather than volume. When Radiohead say that R.E.M. had a profound and direct influence on them, it may be this that they are referring to. OK Computer similarly has several moments that “feel” quiet despite all proof to the contrary.
If it’s not clear from the above, I think Automatic for the People is a perfect album which has had an indelible impact on our culture and the music that has come since. It went wider and deeper into public consciousness than anyone listening to Murmur in 1983 could have imagined. It’s a testament to the value of a band constantly moving forward, developing and changing up their sound. They should have been household names several times over by the time this LP came out so I feel a huge sense of warmth, satisfaction and justice that this album was an unmitigated success.